Last1 Business Structure¶
Version: 1.0 Effective date: 2026-02-06 Status: Authoritative — governs entity definitions, pricing, branding, and inter-entity relationships
1. Entity Definitions¶
Last1.org (501c3)
└─ Owns standards, certification authority, governance
Last 1 Enterprises, LLC (Texas)
├─ Last1.app (platform)
├─ RadioCheck (feature + mobile client)
└─ RealOutcomes (product line, internal)
[Future]
RealOutcomes, Inc. or LLC
└─ Licensed data + analytics (spun out when ready)
Last1.org — 501(c)(3) Nonprofit¶
Legal name: Last1.org (nonprofit corporation) Domain: last1.org Tax status: 501(c)(3) tax-exempt Jurisdiction: To be filed
Purpose: Last1.org is the standards body and certification authority. It publishes the Last1 Standards, governs certification states, conducts certification reviews, and maintains the governance framework that underpins the entire ecosystem.
Last1.org owns:
- The Last1 Standards (all documents in standards/)
- The certification marks ("Last1 Certified," "Last1 Verified")
- The governance and appeals framework
- The right to grant or revoke certification status
Last1.org does NOT: - Sell software or SaaS subscriptions - Process Stripe payments for platform access - Operate the Last1.app platform or RadioCheck - Employ engineers or product staff (unless grant-funded for standards work)
Revenue sources: - Foundation grants and philanthropic funding - Licensing fees from Last 1 Enterprises, LLC (see Section 3) - Certification review fees (program revenue, directly mission-related) - Speaking, consulting, and research commissions
Public obligations: - Annual Form 990 (publicly available) - Published governance framework and standards revision history
Last 1 Enterprises, LLC — For-Profit Entity¶
Legal name: Last 1 Enterprises, LLC Domain: last1.app Tax status: For-profit LLC (Texas) Jurisdiction: Texas
Purpose: Last 1 Enterprises, LLC builds, operates, and sells the Last1.app platform and RadioCheck. It is the commercial entity that takes all SaaS subscription revenue, employs staff, and contracts with customers.
Last 1 Enterprises, LLC owns: - All software, source code, and intellectual property for Last1.app - All software, source code, and intellectual property for RadioCheck - RealOutcomes (as internal product line, until spin-out) - Customer relationships and subscription agreements - Stripe accounts, payment processing, and billing infrastructure - All operational infrastructure (Railway, Supabase, Cloudflare, etc.)
Last 1 Enterprises, LLC does NOT: - Set or change certification standards (that's Last1.org) - Make certification decisions unilaterally (governed by Last1 Standards) - Represent itself as a nonprofit or tax-exempt organization - Use Last1.org's tax-exempt status for commercial purposes
Revenue sources: - SaaS subscriptions (see Section 4) - SMS/messaging usage fees - API access fees - Professional services (onboarding, custom integrations)
RealOutcomes — Internal Product Line (Future Spin-Out)¶
Domain: realoutcomes.app (or subdomain of last1.app — TBD) Operated by: Last 1 Enterprises, LLC (currently internal product line) Future entity: RealOutcomes, Inc. or LLC (when revenue justifies spin-out)
Purpose: RealOutcomes is a public-facing outcomes intelligence platform that analyzes publicly available data and signals related to nonprofit reporting and outcomes claims (990s, annual reports, evidence indicators). It serves funders, journalists, policymakers, and researchers — the demand side of the accountability ecosystem. RealOutcomes presents analysis, not verdicts; users draw their own conclusions.
Current status: Standalone codebase, separate Supabase instance, not yet integrated with Last1.app. Operated as internal product line under Last 1 Enterprises, LLC.
Future integration: RealOutcomes will read from Last1.app's certification and outcome data via API, creating the flywheel:
Org gets certified on Last1.app
→ Verification data feeds into RealOutcomes
→ Funders/donors discover verified orgs on RealOutcomes
→ More orgs seek Last1 certification
→ More subscriptions to Last1.app
Revenue model (future):
| Access Level | Price | Audience |
|---|---|---|
| Public | Free | Anyone — view analysis, basic indicators |
| Researcher | $29/mo | Full data, comparisons, exports |
| Institutional | $199/mo | API access, bulk data, grant tool integrations |
| Data Licensing | Custom | Foundations/government licensing analysis data |
2. The Relationship Between Last1.org and Last 1 Enterprises, LLC¶
Licensing Agreement¶
Last 1 Enterprises, LLC operates under a formal licensing agreement with Last1.org. This agreement grants Last 1 Enterprises, LLC:
- The right to use the "Last1 Certified" and "Last1 Verified" certification marks in its platform
- The right to reference Last1 Standards in its product
- The right to facilitate certification reviews on behalf of Last1.org
- The obligation to enforce Last1 Standards within the platform (no gaming, no misrepresentation)
Financial Relationship¶
SaaS Revenue
Customers ──────────▶ Last 1 Enterprises, LLC (for-profit)
│
│ Licensing fee (10% of gross revenue)
▼
Last1.org (nonprofit)
│
├── Standards development
├── Certification reviews
├── Governance & appeals
└── Research & advocacy
- Licensing fee: 10% of Last 1 Enterprises, LLC's gross SaaS revenue, paid quarterly to Last1.org
- Certification review fees: When an organization applies for Certified status, Last1.org may charge a separate review fee (typically $500-$2,000 depending on org size) paid directly to Last1.org as program revenue
- Founder compensation: The founder may receive reasonable compensation from both entities — salary from Last 1 Enterprises, LLC for operating the platform, and a stipend from Last1.org for governance work. Any compensation paid by Last1.org shall be reviewed and approved by the board (or advisory board in the absence of a formal board), benchmarked against comparable roles at similarly-sized nonprofits, and documented in compliance with IRS intermediate sanctions rules (IRC §4958).
Governance Separation¶
- Last1.org has its own board (or advisory board) that governs standards
- Last 1 Enterprises, LLC operates independently on product, pricing, and engineering decisions
- Last 1 Enterprises, LLC may NOT override Last1.org's certification decisions
- Last1.org may NOT dictate Last 1 Enterprises, LLC's product roadmap or pricing
This separation is essential for: - Maintaining Last1.org's tax-exempt status - Ensuring certification integrity (the certifier can't be controlled by the commercial entity) - Building trust with funders and government partners who need to see independence
Precedents for This Model¶
| Nonprofit | For-Profit/Commercial | Relationship |
|---|---|---|
| Mozilla Foundation | Mozilla Corporation | Foundation owns Corp; Corp builds Firefox |
| B Lab | B Corp certified companies | B Lab certifies; companies pay and use the mark |
| Fair Trade USA | Licensed producers/retailers | Fair Trade sets standards; companies pay to use the seal |
| Linux Foundation | Member companies | Foundation stewards; companies contribute and use |
| USGBC (LEED) | Green building consultants/tools | USGBC certifies; commercial ecosystem builds around it |
3. Transparency Commitment¶
Last 1 Enterprises, LLC will publish a quarterly Transparency Report as a public page on last1.app. This report includes:
- Revenue: Total MRR, subscriber count by tier, growth rate
- Costs: Infrastructure, messaging (SMS/email), and operational costs
- Licensing flow: Amount paid to Last1.org and what it funded
- Product metrics: Organizations onboarded, beneficiaries served, check-ins sent
- Roadmap highlights: What was shipped, what's coming
Why¶
Last1 is an accountability platform. Radical transparency about its own operations is not a liability — it is the strongest possible trust signal to nonprofits, funders, and government partners. If we ask organizations to prove their outcomes, we must prove ours.
Boundaries¶
- Publish aggregate revenue, not individual customer data
- Do not publish security infrastructure details
- Do not publish data that could identify beneficiaries
- Annual Last1.org Form 990 is published separately (legally required)
4. Last1.app Pricing¶
Tier Structure¶
| Tier | Monthly | Annual | Target Customer |
|---|---|---|---|
| Starter | $0 | $0 | Small orgs exploring accountability, grassroots groups, peer-led programs |
| Pro | $99/mo | $950/yr (save ~20%) | Funded nonprofits with staff, orgs with grant-reporting needs |
| Certified | $299/mo | $2,900/yr (save ~20%) | Orgs seeking the public trust credential for funders and stakeholders |
| Coalition | $1,000–$3,000/mo | Custom annual | Multi-org networks, state agencies, health systems, large coalitions |
Tier Feature Matrix¶
| Capability | Starter | Pro | Certified | Coalition |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Programs | 1 | 10 | Unlimited | Unlimited |
| Beneficiaries | 25 | 500 | Unlimited | Unlimited |
| Outcomes per program | 5 | 50 | Unlimited | Unlimited |
| Staff users | 1 | 10 | Unlimited | Unlimited |
| Check-in history | 14 days | 1 year | Full | Full |
| Internal dashboards | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Auto-generated reports | -- | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| CSV exports | -- | Limited | Full | Full |
| Radio Check: Manual check-ins | 1 campaign / 25 people | 10 campaigns / 500 people | Unlimited | Unlimited |
| Radio Check: Scheduled campaigns | -- | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Radio Check: Escalation workflows | -- | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Radio Check: Silent risk detection | -- | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Radio Check: Emergency (Red) handling | -- | -- | Yes | Yes |
| Radio Check: On-call routing | -- | -- | Yes | Yes |
| Public verification page | -- | -- | Yes | Yes |
| Certification review | -- | -- | Yes | Yes |
| Ongoing integrity monitoring | -- | -- | Yes | Yes |
| Evidence vault (file uploads) | -- | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Bulk beneficiary import | -- | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Cross-org coordination | -- | -- | -- | Yes |
| Shared accountability frameworks | -- | -- | -- | Yes |
| API access | -- | -- | -- | Yes |
| EHR/case management integrations | -- | -- | -- | Yes |
| Dedicated support | -- | -- | -- | Yes |
| SLA guarantees | -- | -- | -- | Yes |
| Audit logs (full) | -- | -- | Yes | Yes |
SMS/Messaging Included¶
| Tier | SMS Included/Month | Overage Rate |
|---|---|---|
| Starter | 50 | Not available (must upgrade) |
| Pro | 500 | $0.05/message |
| Certified | 2,000 | $0.03/message |
| Coalition | Custom volume | Volume pricing |
Pricing Philosophy¶
-
Starter is free because the on-ramp must be frictionless. A VSO should be able to start checking in on veterans today, before any budget conversation.
-
Pro at $99/mo is the "grant budget" threshold. Most program directors can expense $99/mo without board approval. The ROI is obvious: it replaces 20-40 hours/year of manual funder reporting.
-
Certified at $299/mo is the certification premium. Organizations aren't paying for more features — they're paying for the public trust mark. A single $50K grant that cites "Last1 Certified" status pays for 14 years of subscription.
-
Coalition is enterprise pricing. These buyers have procurement budgets. $1,000-$3,000/mo is standard for institutional SaaS in the government/health system space.
5. RadioCheck — Product Positioning¶
RadioCheck Is a Feature of Last1.app¶
RadioCheck is not a separate product. It is the wellness check-in capability built into Last1.app. The brand name "Radio Check" is used as a feature name within the platform, similar to how Slack uses "Huddles" or GitHub uses "Actions."
Campaign management (creating campaigns, setting cadence, configuring escalation rules, viewing analytics) happens within Last1.app's web interface.
The RadioCheck mobile companion app (React Native/Expo) is how beneficiaries receive and respond to check-ins on their phones. It is a lightweight client that authenticates against the same Supabase instance as Last1.app.
User Access by Role¶
| Role | Cost | Access |
|---|---|---|
| Veterans / Beneficiaries | Always free | Receive check-ins (SMS/email/push), respond, view own timeline, validate outcomes, member portal |
| Veteran supporters (family, peer mentors, care network) | Always free | Receive escalation alerts, view check-in status for people they support |
| Organization staff (program managers, case workers) | Included in org's Last1.app tier | Campaign management, response dashboard, escalation handling |
| Organization admins | Included in org's Last1.app tier | All staff access + billing, settings, member management, audit logs |
Why Veterans and Supporters Are Always Free¶
This is non-negotiable and foundational to the mission:
- Beneficiaries are the subjects of care, not the customers. Charging them would create a barrier to the very population the platform exists to serve.
- Veteran supporters (family members, battle buddies, peer mentors) are part of the care network. Charging them would reduce the safety net around at-risk individuals.
- The organization is the customer. They pay for the tools to manage and monitor campaigns. The people receiving care never pay.
- This aligns with Last1 Standards: "Participation is optional and non-determinative." Charging for participation would contradict this principle.
RadioCheck Mobile App — Technical Relationship¶
The standalone RadioCheck codebase (/Developer/RadioCheck) currently has:
- Its own Supabase database with last1_* prefixed bridge tables
- Its own auth system
- Its own tier/pricing system
- A useLast1Integration hook that bridges identities between databases
Target state: The RadioCheck mobile app authenticates directly against Last1.app's Supabase instance. The bridge tables, separate tier system, and duplicate Stripe integration are eliminated. RadioCheck becomes a thin mobile client, not a separate platform.
Migration path: 1. Point RadioCheck auth at Last1.app's Supabase project 2. Remove RadioCheck's standalone billing — orgs manage everything through Last1.app 3. Keep the mobile UI for beneficiary-facing features (check-in responses, timeline, care network) 4. Remove org-management screens from RadioCheck mobile — those live in Last1.app web
6. Branding and Verbiage Rules¶
These rules govern how entities are referenced throughout all codebases, marketing materials, legal documents, and UI.
Entity References¶
| Context | Correct | Incorrect |
|---|---|---|
| Standards documents, certification, governance | Last1.org or "Last 1" (the nonprofit) | Last1.app, Last 1 Enterprises, LLC |
| Software platform, subscriptions, features | Last1.app or "Last 1" (the platform) | Last1.org |
| Legal entity operating the platform | Last 1 Enterprises, LLC | Last1.org |
| Terms of Service, Privacy Policy — "provided by" | Last 1 Enterprises, LLC | Last1.org* |
| Support email | support@last1.app | support@last1.org |
| Legal/privacy email | legal@last1.app | legal@last1.org |
| Standards publication URL | https://last1.org/standards | -- |
| Platform URL | https://last1.app | https://last1.org |
| System admin auto-grant (internal) | @last1.org emails | -- |
~~Current terms/privacy pages incorrectly reference "Last1.org" as the service provider.~~ ✓ Fixed — all legal pages now correctly reference Last 1 Enterprises, LLC.
Feature Names¶
| Feature | Correct Name | Used In |
|---|---|---|
| SMS/email wellness check-ins | Radio Check | Last1.app feature label, sidebar, campaign pages |
| The mobile app for beneficiaries | RadioCheck (one word) or "the Last1 companion app" | App stores, mobile app UI |
| Certification levels | Last1 Certified, Last1 Verified | Public verification pages, badges |
| The standards framework | Last1 Standards | Standards documents, onboarding |
| The accountability platform | Last1.app or "Last 1" | Marketing, UI, general references |
| The outcomes intelligence tool | RealOutcomes | Separate product, future integration |
What to Change in the Codebase¶
✓ All entity references have been updated (2026-02-10)
| File | Status |
|---|---|
client/src/pages/terms.tsx |
✓ Updated to Last 1 Enterprises, LLC, legal@last1.app |
client/src/pages/privacy.tsx |
✓ Updated to Last 1 Enterprises, LLC, privacy@last1.app |
client/src/pages/support.tsx |
✓ Updated to support@last1.app |
server/routes.ts |
✓ Fallback URL now https://last1.app |
client/src/pages/onboarding/index.tsx |
No change needed (standards belong to the nonprofit) |
server/customAuth.ts |
No change needed (governance team uses .org emails) |
7. Revenue Projections (Year 1)¶
Conservative Scenario¶
| Tier | Orgs (Month 12) | Monthly Revenue |
|---|---|---|
| Starter (free) | ~200 | $0 |
| Pro ($99/mo) | 35 | $3,465 |
| Certified ($299/mo) | 12 | $3,588 |
| Coalition ($1,000+/mo) | 3 | $4,500 |
| SMS overage | -- | ~$300 |
| Total MRR | 50 paying | $11,853 |
| Annual Run Rate | $142,236 |
Licensing fee to Last1.org (10%): ~$14,200/yr
Growth Scenario (Year 2)¶
| Tier | Orgs (Month 24) | Monthly Revenue |
|---|---|---|
| Starter (free) | ~800 | $0 |
| Pro ($99/mo) | 120 | $11,880 |
| Certified ($299/mo) | 45 | $13,455 |
| Coalition ($1,000+/mo) | 8 | $12,000 |
| SMS overage + API fees | -- | ~$1,500 |
| Total MRR | 173 paying | $38,835 |
| Annual Run Rate | $466,020 |
8. Immediate Actions¶
- ~~Form Last 1 Enterprises, LLC~~ ✓ Already formed (Texas LLC). Open a business bank account and Stripe account under this entity if not already done.
- ~~Update legal pages~~ ✓ Done — terms, privacy, support now reference Last 1 Enterprises, LLC and @last1.app emails.
- ~~Align Stripe products~~ ✓ Done —
scripts/seed-products.tsupdated with 4-tier model. - ~~Update the pricing page~~ ✓ Done — self-service checkout for Pro and Certified, with annual/monthly toggle.
- Draft a licensing agreement between Last1.org and Last 1 Enterprises, LLC (can be simple — 1-2 pages to start).
- Publish the first Transparency Report once there's revenue to report.
- Begin RadioCheck consolidation — point the mobile app at Last1.app's auth, remove standalone billing.
End of Business Structure v1.0